The Bay Of Pigs Invasion - 1392 Words

Chapter 1 - The Bay of Pigs Invasion - 1961 Figure 1The above image is a primary source image of Fidel Castro (right) an infamous Cuban dictator, and Che Guevara who played a number of key roles within the Cuban government. This photo was taken in 1961, during which the Bay of Pigs Invasion took place. The photo was taken by Alberto Korda, a Cuban photographer. This photo allows us to peer into the past and see Castro presumably leading Cuban troops. There is a large possibility of bias when considering that the photographer that took this image, Alberto Korda, was not only Cuban but also a personal photographer and close friend of Castro. The Context: Date: April 17-19, 1961. The Decision Maker: both President Dwight D. Eisenhower and president John F. Kennedy. While President Eisenhower originally approved the plans to invade Cuba drafted by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) along with the U.S. National Security Council (NSC) on March 17, 1960, once in office President Kennedy allowed these plans to continue. It wasn t until April 4, 1961, that the legitimate Bay of Pigs plan was developed and approved by Kennedy. Along with this, the CIA made the very important decision of not informing President Kennedy that they possessed information claiming that the Soviet Union had heard word of an impending invasion. What was happening? After the Cuban Revolution (1952-1959) had taken place, Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista was forced out of power. Batista was then replacedShow MoreRelatedThe Bay of Pigs Invasion1313 Words   |  5 PagesThe Bay of Pigs Invasion Background The Bay of Pigs invasion of April, 1961 is considered to be one of the unsuccessful covert military invasions of the 20th century. In 1959, the Cuban revolutionist Fidel Castro overthrew the Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista through an armed conflict that lasted nearly five and a half years. Castro and his comrades were Socialists and they believed a Communist social system would better suit their nee. In order to fulfill this agenda, the new Cuban governmentRead MoreThe Bay Of Pigs Invasion1147 Words   |  5 PagesLouis Tullo Mrs. Forsyth U.S. History II 30 March 2016 Bay of Pigs Invasion Bays in pigs invasion is a cold war planned and fought by American president John F. Kennedy in an attempt to overthrow in early 1960’s. This came after Fidel Castro overthrew the then Cuban president Fulgencio Batista. The president was corrupt and had allies in the United States allowing the Americans to control the Cuban economy (Khan 21). The incoming Castro did the opposite by disapproving the Americans and resistedRead MoreThe Bay Of Pigs Invasion2240 Words   |  9 Pagescannot change the law of nature and they know it.† stated Allen Dulles, the fifth director of the Central Intelligence Agency. The Bay of Pigs Invasion was an encounter that occurred on April 17, 1961, between Cuban exiles, armed and trained by the American Central Intelligence Agency and the military forces of Fidel Castro. With the failure of the Bay of Pigs invasion the United States found itself more involved in the Cold War and experienced a new era in the military, political, and intelligen ceRead MoreThe Bay Of Pigs Invasion1652 Words   |  7 PagesThe purpose of the Bay of Pigs Invasion was to overthrow Fidel Castro as leader of Cuba and help stabilize the Cuban government. Fidel Castro started the MR-26-7, an anti-Batista group. At the time, Batista was the so called president and he claimed to be running a disciplined democracy.The people saw this as a dictatorship takeover. Castro ran the group as a clandestine cell system with ten members in each cell and they did not know the whereabouts or activities of the other cells. He was buildingRead MoreThe Bay Of Pigs Invasion1108 Words   |  5 PagesThe Bay of Pigs is an inlet of the Gulf of Cazones located approximately 97 miles southeast of Havana (Capital of Cuba). The Bay of Pigs Invasion is one of the United States biggest invasion fails in history. The invasion was meant to overthrow communist Cuba and bring Fidel Castro’s power to an end. This was obviously a fail, because as we now know, Fidel had be en in power until 2008, and now his brother Raul Castro is the president. The blame for this fail is on the Central Intelligence AgencyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Bay Of Pigs Invasion2708 Words   |  11 Pagesanalysis the Bay of Pigs invasion that occurred 17 April 1961, to use the Butterfly effect and to introduce Intelligence Platforms not utilized before and during the invasion, to suggest a alternate outcome to the invasion if these factors were applied properly or if other events never happened. The Bay of Pigs resulted in the failure to remove Fidel Castro from Power. If the CIA used Human Intelligence properly and if the U-2 Spy Plane program was not revealed to the World, the invasion may haveRead MoreThe Bay Of Pigs Invasion Of Cuba1036 Words   |  5 PagesThe Bay of Pigs Invasion of Cuba by the United States on April 17, 1961 was in the planning stages before John F. Kennedy became America s President. The plan was made by the CIA (Central Intelligence Agency) during the Eisenhower years, and JFK supported the decision with modifications. Kennedy’s goal was to remove Fidel Castro from power of Cuba, cut his ties with the Soviet Union and establish a friendly government of the United States. He wanted the invasion to seem just plainly anti-CastroRead MoreThe Bay Of Pigs Invasion Into Cuba2257 Words   |  10 PagesThe Bay of Pigs invasion into Cuba can be seen as one of the most important political decisions in the history of the United States. Four months after John F. Kennedy took office as the thirty fifth President of the United States, he was blamed for the failed invasion of the Bay of Pigs. The failure was due to the lack of bad advice he received and then used to put into making his decision to invade. The decisions he made showed that the United States President and his Joint Chiefs were far fromRead MoreThe Invasion Of Cuba During The Bay Of Pigs2281 Words   |  10 Pagesunsuccessful invasion of Cuba at the Bay of Pigs, that is located on the southern coast of Cuba about 95 miles southeast of Havana, was one of miscommunication, mismanagement, and horrible execution (Bay of Pigs 378). The responsibility for the failed invasion falls right on the CIA (Central Intelligence Agency) and a president by the name of John F. Kennedy. The intention of the invasion was to assault communist Cuba and put a halt to Fidel Castro. Ironically, 39 years after the Bay of Pigs, Fidel CastroRead MoreThe Cuban Missile Crisis : The Bay Of Pigs Invasion1272 Words   |  6 PagesProceeding to the Cuban Missile Crisis, American relationships with Castro were previously tense by the Bay of Pigs invasion (196 1) where the United States made an unorthodox action towards Cuba by financing and sending insurgent Cubans to help aid in overthrowing and attacking Castro’s supporters and Castro himself0000000. The Bay of Pigs was unsuccessful. This eventual lead to Castro’s joining with communist Soviet Union and leaving Castro cautious of American plans for Cuba. Castro’s suspicions

Psychopathology And Permanent Hearing Loss - 1403 Words

Psychopathology and Permanent Hearing Loss in Pediatric Patient Population Laura Shipps Dr. Andrea Pittman SHS 508 – Pediatric Audiology 04/29/15 Pediatric Audiology and Psychopathology Permanent hearing loss at any age can be challenging; adults and children alike must adjust to the reduced ability to hear. Unlike adults, however, children are still learning the language and communication skills that they will use for the rest of their life. As such, hearing loss that occurs during childhood is far more severe than if acquired as an adult (Pittman, 2015). According to the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA), approximately 1-3 children out of every 1,000 children are born with†¦show more content†¦If the child does not pass the screening, they need to have a full hearing evaluation before they reach 3 months of age. All infants with an identified hearing loss thereafter need to receive appropriate intervention before 6 months of age (American Academy of Pediatrics 2007; Pittman 2015). It has been shown that hearing-impaired children may perform as well as normal hearing individuals in speech and langua ge acquisition if identified and intervened before 6 months of age, and perform significantly poorer if treated after 6 months of age (Yoshinaha-Itano 1998). Prolonging intervention increases this difference and can have life-long consequences not only in the educational and vocational domains, but also psychologically. As daunting as the term â€Å"psychopathology† may seem, it may be indicating that the child is frustrated at the inability to emotionally self-regulate or effectively communicate as a result of their hearing loss and accompanying disabilities (e.g.: intellectual disability, Attention Deficit Disorder, autism, etc.). Psychopathology in children can be divided into two categories: 1) externalization, and 2) internalization. Externalizing behaviors can be expressed as aggression, hyperactivity, inattention, and anti-social tendencies. Internalizing behaviors may include anxiety and depression (Theunissen et al 2015; Barker 2009). Research has shown that the

Indian and European Nations Free Essays

Nearly all European invaders as well as their descendants tried to submerge by suppressing their times of yore and by physical repression. The Indian nations relied on spoken means for the spread of history from one memorial cohort to the next, destined that the conclusion of their social constitution would obliterate their history, and thus complete the removal of their survival. Think of what ought to have come prior to the arrival of Europeans, which in several cases was even lost to Indians and the mass of distinctions with the tribes as they dealt with Europeans invaders. We will write a custom essay sample on Indian and European Nations or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the early 16th century, Indian nations were crisscrossed by the Spanish expeditions, turning over new traits, new influence, and the early amalgamation of priests and soldiers that commenced the progression of racial combination as well as Christianization a century prior to the English and French’s arrival in the New World. The colonization of Indian nations by the Europeans had overwhelming consequences for the indigenous people. Flanked by the diseases that were new to them brought by the assailants – Europe itself had simply gotten over an era of plagues as well as epidemics that killed no less than two thirds of its people, and the massacres and enslavement by the hands of the Spaniards. Spain explored and put down claim to the majority of the continent. Indian nations spoke their own languages; communication between Indians and Europeans suffered from differences, not just on a sole landfall, but throughout 500 years and even today. One understandable, yet concealed, source of resistance was the failure or repudiation of the Europeans, predominantly in the British Isles, to learn the Indian tongue. Indian words along with usages, in addition to many other languages such as Spanish, Greek, Italian, Hebrew, and German, came to supplement the English language and particularly the American tongue (Axtell, 2001, p30). The position of men and women among Indian grassroots showed a discrepancy more than among European nations. The distinctive characteristic of Indian civilization was the diversity of its population. In European standards, Indian nations at that time were astonishingly diverse regionally. This astounding diversity was in large part a creation of the technique that colonial Europe was initially settled. The reason possibly lay, throughout the 1400s and 1500s, with the regularity of relationships involving sexes that the Roman Catholic Church brought for centuries among the citizens of Central and Western Europe. The division of labor showed a discrepancy noticeably from a tribe, above among Europeans, however it was found that it lacked class system as well as social estates of Europe, there was greater parity and uniformity of role among lower and higher orders of women and men. The establishment of Indian nations is in fact the longest and exhaustive structure of any independent lands in the world. India, in particular, has a quasi-federal type of regime and a bicameral congress functioning under a Westminster-style parliamentary scheme (Iverson, 1992, p34). Since its sovereignty in 1947, these Indian nations maintained amiable and cordial connections with most countries. The history of Indian nations experienced colonial dependencies within the western hemisphere created by the European countries causing diversity in population, problems in geography and establishments of institutions. European nations increased colonies in Indian nations for several reasons, but mostly to create income. They made use of colonies to give raw materials for trade serving as markets for polished and refined products. These systems encouraged religious toleration, diplomat government, economic development as well as cultural diversity. However, the historical policies of Europeans that carry on bureaucracies in and out of Indian nations suppress tribal management and prop up reliance. Indian peoples will stay in a dependent affiliation and the poverty will provide confirmation of the historic abandonment of the nations’ original people so long as regime (Salisbury, 2000, p18): holds back the economic and political growth of the Indian peoples, deprives them to quality education, disregard cultural needs of Indians, and raises bureaucratic barriers to the recognition of Indian tribes as humans and Indian peoples as part of history. How to cite Indian and European Nations, Papers

European Society of Emergency Medicine †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the European Society of Emergency Medicine. Answer: Introduction: Congestive heart failure can be described as the progressive heart condition that is seen to mainly affect the pumping power of the different heart muscle in the affected individual. In this condition, the heart is seen to fail miserably to pump efficiently like the way it should pump in normal individuals. Researchers are of the opinion that certain strenuous conditions like narrowing of the arteries of the heart causes coronary artery disease that results in these symptoms. High blood pressure may result in leaving the heart in weak condition or make it stiff in such a way by which it fails to fill and pump effectively. Researchers are of the opinion that the main pumping chambers of the heart may become stiff and may not fill properly in between the beats (Feltner et al., 2014). This may result in occurrence of situations of congestive heart failures. In many other cases, the muscles of the heart are seen to be weakened as well as damaged resulting in a condition when the ventricl es become stretched to a large point. In such condition, the heart cannot pump efficiently throughout the body resulting in occurrence of negative symptoms of the disorders. As time passes, heart no longer can keep up with the demand of pumping adequate amount of blood to the rest of the body and this causes the disorder. Coronary heart disease and heart attack are also causes of the disorder where fatty deposits called plaques are built and deposited in the arteries resulting in the narrowing if the arteries. Often in many situations, damaged valves are observed which mainly occurs from heart disorders or heart defects. Such faulty valves are seen to make the heart work harder resulting in its weakening over time. Genetic factors, excessive alcohol uptake, or tobacco smoking may result in damaging of the heart muscles called myopathy for which congestive heart failures may also occur (Carthon et al., 2015). Hypertension may cause the heart to work harder and therefore the extra exe rtion in turn make the heart muscles stiff for which they can no longer pump blood effectively. These causes result in the occurrence of congestive heart failure. The different risk factors that are associated with congestive disorders are high blood pressure and heart attack. Coronary heart disorders resulting in narrowing of the blood vessels also result in occurrence of the disorder. Diabetes as well as certain diabetic medications all results in occurrence of the disorders (Vedel Khanassov, 2015). Congenital heart defects, sleep dyspnoea, alcohol use, valvular heart diseases, viruses and tobacco use are also certain risk factors. Obesity and irregular heart diseases also result in this disorder. The patient suffering from coronary heart disorders may develop complications like kidney damage and heart valve problems, liver problems and heart problems. All these situations will make her life restricted as she has to undergo a strict routine of healthcare and self-management that might be strenuous and frustrating for her. She may become depressed and anxious about his ill health that may make her suffer emotionally and mentally (Mebaza et al., 2015). Her family members will be affected emotional from the suffering of the patient and ma become depressed. Moreover, the family members also gave to go through financial and physical turmoil for which quality of life am be affected. One of the most important symptom of the congestive heart failure is the retention of fluid and water in the body which cases swollen of different parts of the body. Less amount of blood is seen to reach the kidney. This in turn results in a situation of edema where ankles, legs as well as abdomen get swollen. Another important symptom that occurs in patients suffering with the disorder is the shortness of breath. Congested lungs are also seen to occur and this mainly takes place de to accumulation of fluid in the lungs. When fluid becomes collected in the lungs, it may result in development of shortness of breath that in turn cases extreme difficulty in breathing. Wheezing as well as development of dry cough is also a common phenomenon that takes place due to lung congestion (Carpenter et al., 2015). Another important symptom that is quite common in the disorder is the feeling of dizziness and fatigue and occurrence of weakness. Restricted flow of blood to the brain than it is requi red results in development of confusion in the patients. This causes dizziness in the person. Moreover, limited flow of blood to the muscles and other major organs of the body make the patient feel weak and tired, as successful respiration cannot take place de to limited flow of blood (Mebaza et al., 2015). Another important symptom would be the occurrence of the nausea and feeling of loss of appetite by the patient. It mainly occurs when fluid is seen to accumulate in the places that surround the digestive tract as well as the liver. The fifth symptom that can be also suggested here is the presence of rapid heartbeats where the heartbeats also get quite irregular. As the heart fails to keep up with the pace that is required to send blood to the different parts of the body, they try their best to beat fast and send blood but fail miserably. Therefore, the heartbeats become rapid but irregular. In case of the patient, all the above mentioned symptoms are present like loss of appetite , nausea, irregular heartbeat, shortness of breath, dizziness, weakness, fatigue and others (Rai et al., 2017). All these symptoms will ensure the nursing professionals that the patient is suffering from congestive heart failure. One of the most important classes of drugs is called the Angiotensinogen-converting enzyme called the ACE inhibitors. They are fond to be highly successful in management of congestive heart failure cases. This class of drug is seen to be helping in the blocking of the activity of angiotensin in blood. Angiotensin is mainly responsible for making the blood vessels narrow which makes the person more exposed to the occurrence of the heart disorders. This class of the drugs is also seen to relax the pressure of the blood and thereby improve the flow of the blood through the blood vessels. The blood pressure is lowered and therefore, it becomes important easier for the heart to pump blood (Luttik et al., 2016). This class of the enzyme is also seen to be releasing a considerable amount of water and salt. This also contributes in lowering of the blood pressure. Many randomized control trial had been conducted which had shown that drugs like ramipril, quinapril, captopril, enalapril and lis inipril. Another one of the most important class of drugs that are important to manage congestive heart disorder is beta-blocker. Researchers have seen through their experiments that people who are suffering from congestive heart disorders are seen to produce specific types of hormones called the catecholamine. This hormone is therefore responsible for worsening the condition of the heart of the patients. This class of drug is also seen to help in the widening if the blood vessels helping the blood to flow smoothly through the arteries thereby reducing blood pressure. Researchers have stated that this drug mainly helps the left ventricle of the heart to fill in more blood completely which it was unable to do in the diseased condition. Researchers have also stated that this drug is extremely useful for the patients who have heart failure along with high blood sugar levels. Randomized control trial of this class of medication as put forward a number of drugs like bisoprolol, carvediol as well a s metoprolol (Ong et al., 2016). They have already proven to be one of the most successful drug categories that are helpful in overcoming the symptoms of congestive heart failure. This class of drug is seen to be reducing the different destructive effects of the stimulation of catecholamine and thereby helps in treating both systolic dysfunction and diastolic heart failure. Patients who develop congestive heart disorders are usually seen to go through a number of similar sequential symptoms as their conditions worsen. Shortness of breath and irregular and rapid beating results in poor condition of the patient that makes them anxious. Their symptoms also remain associated with the occurrence of edema, weight loss, nauseas, and loss of weight as well as fatigue. Therefore, when such patients are admitted to the emergency ward, the professionals should follow a sequential pattern of attending the emergency so that the patient remains to danger. The first step of the professionals is to set focus on the in-patient admission which sold be followed by faster diagnosis of the acute and decompensate condition of the heart failure (Hasanpour et al., 2016). This would be followed by proper management in-patient care and then planned discharge of the individual patient after reassessment or transferring her to the general ward. The priority of the professionals wo uld not be on the long-term management of the disorders but solely on the making, the patient come out of risk and danger situations. On arrival of the patient in the emergency department, the healthcare professionals should first take into consideration prompt recognition of the condition of the patient after properly assessing the signs and symptoms of the disorder. Secondly, it is very important for the professionals to alleviate the different emotional as well as the physical symptoms of the breathlessness and therefore the professionals should transfer her to a proper and safe environment to assure optimization of the outcomes. Researchers are of the opinion that every emergency department should possess the triage nurses for acute heart failure but a nurse practitioner can also perform the activity of such nurses are not present in the ward. The professionals should conduct an assessment of the severity only after properly eliciting the history of the patient. Following this, the nurse should be referring a proper multidisciplinary team and appoint the team to the patient at the same time of helping the membe rs for properly distinguishing the case of breathlessness and thereby initialing prompt symptom for relieving therapy (Buck et al., 2015). The nurses of the emergency department need to possess an important number of skills that help them to provide best care to patients. These are proper critical thinking skills and proper decision-making ability as well as be rapid and self confident in the activities. The expanded skills set of the nurses would be mainly helping in conducting of proper diagnostic assessment of the patient through clinical examination. They should identify proper signs of the congestions by conducting diagnostic tests like sonograms, heart scan, electrocardiogram, chest x ray and others. This would be followed by properly transferring the patient to appropriate level for care like the cardiology ward, general medial ward or coronary care unit (Rai et al., 2017). In order to know, whether the person is responsive to the interventions like medical administrations given to her under emergencies, the nurses should conduct objective monitoring to identify different changes in the signs and symptoms of the patient after administration. Immediately after medicine administration, the nurse should properly monitor from time to time to assess the objective measurement of hemodynamic status, heart rhythm, dyspnoea severity, and cardiac output as well as others. However, before shifting the patient to general ward, the nurse should re-assess the patient for symptoms of congestion, management of the levels of anxiety as well as the analyzing of the laboratory blood tests. References: Buck, H. G., Harkness, K., Wion, R., Carroll, S. L., Cosman, T., Kaasalainen, S., ... Strachan, P. H. (2015). Caregivers contributions to heart failure self-care: a systematic review.European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing,14(1), 79-89. Carpenter, J. E., Short, N., Williams, T. E., Yandell, B., Bowers, M. T. (2015). Improving congestive heart failure care with a clinical decision unit.Nursing Economics,33(5), 255. Carthon, J. M. B., Lasater, K. B., Sloane, D. M., Kutney-Lee, A. (2015). The quality of hospital work environments and missed nursing care is linked to heart failure readmissions: a cross-sectional study of US hospitals.BMJ Qual Saf, bmjqs-2014. Feltner, C., Jones, C. D., Cen, C. W., Zheng, Z. J., Sueta, C. A., Coker-Schwimmer, E. J., ... Jonas, D. E. (2014). Transitional care interventions to prevent readmissions for persons with heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of internal medicine,160(11), 774-784. Hasanpour-Dehkordi, A., Khaledi-Far, A., Khaledi-Far, B., Salehi-Tali, S. (2016). The effect of family training and support on the quality of life and cost of hospital readmissions in congestive heart failure patients in Iran.Applied Nursing Research,31, 165-169. Luttik, M. L., Jaarsma, T., Strmberg, A. (2016). Changing needs of heart failure patients and their families during the illness trajectory: a challenge for health care. Mebazaa, A., Yilmaz, M. B., Levy, P., Ponikowski, P., Peacock, W. F., Laribi, S., ... McDonagh, T. (2015). Recommendations on pre?hospital early hospital management of acute heart failure: a consensus paper from the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology, the European Society of Emergency Medicine and the Society of Academic Emergency Medicine.European journal of heart failure,17(6), 544-558. Mebazaa, A., Yilmaz, M. B., Levy, P., Ponikowski, P., Peacock, W. F., Laribi, S., ... McDonagh, T. (2015). Recommendations on pre?hospital early hospital management of acute heart failure: a consensus paper from the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology, the European Society of Emergency Medicine and the Society of Academic Emergency Medicine.European journal of heart failure,17(6), 544-558. Ong, M. K., Romano, P. S., Edgington, S., Aronow, H. U., Auerbach, A. D., Black, J. T., ... Ganiats, T. G. (2016). Effectiveness of remote patient monitoring after discharge of hospitalized patients with heart failure: the better effectiveness after transitionheart failure (BEAT-HF) randomized clinical trial.JAMA internal medicine,176(3), 310-318. Rai, M., Sharma, K. K., Seth, S., Pathak, P. (2017). A randomized controlled trial to assess effectiveness of a nurse-led home-based heart failure management program.Journal of the Practice of Cardiovascular Sciences,3(1), 28. Vedel, I., Khanassov, V. (2015). Transitional care for patients with congestive heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Annals of Family Medicine,13(6), 562-571.